"While "Pratītyasamutpāda", "dependent origination," and the "twelve nidānas", the links of dependent origination, are traditionally interpreted as describing the conditional arising of rebirth in "saṃsāra", and the resultant "duḥkha" (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness), an alternate Theravada questions the authenticity of this interpretation, and regards the list as describing the arising of mental formations and the resultant notion of "I" and "mine," which are the source of suffering.