 Soewardi at that time was only 24 years old.During his exile in the Netherlands, Soewardi was active in the Indonesia students' organization, the "Indische Vereeniging" (Indies Association), where he contemplated the idea of advancing science education for natives, by obtaining the European certificate, an education diploma which later became the foundation for the educational institutions he would found.In this study, Soewardi was fascinated by the ideas of Western education figures, such as Froebel and Montessori, as well as Indian education movement activist Santiniketan and the Tagore family.