 One study conducted by Savitsky, Medvec, Charlton, and Gilovich focused on how confidence can be affected by misattribution of arousal.Typically people feel more confident before they are supposed to do a task, but the closer they get to having to perform that task, the less confident they feel, which could be due to the arousal from the expectation of the performance.The researchers told participants that they would be exposed to a subliminal noise and were then asked if they could predict how well they would do on two tasks.