 The first requirement for transplastomic plant generation is to have a suitable gene construct that can be introduced into a plastid like a chloroplast in the form of an "E. coli" plasmid vector.There are several key features of a suitable gene cassette including but not limited to (1) selectable marker (2) flanking sequences (3) gene of interest (4) promoter sequences (5) 5' UTR (6) 3' UTR (7) intercistronic elements.The selectable marker typically tends to be an antiobiotic resistant gene, which would give the plant cell the ability to tolerate being grown on antibiotic containing agar plates.