 In the 2000s, molecular studies helped clarify the systematics of "Miniopterus".In 2007, Javier Juste and colleagues, using sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome "b" gene, found that bats from Madagascar ("M. manavi"), Grande Comore ("M. manavi griveaudi") and São Tomé ("M. minor newtoni"; currently "Miniopterus newtoni") did not cluster together to the exclusion of other African "Miniopterus"; however, their samples of ""M. manavi"" were in fact misidentified "M. majori".The next year, Nicole Weyeneth and colleagues used cytochrome "b" and mitochondrial D-loop sequences to assess the relationships of Comoran "Miniopterus".