 De Gaulle blamed the institutions of the Fourth Republic for France's political weakness — a Gaullist reading still popular today.As he commissioned the new constitution and was responsible for its overall framework, de Gaulle is sometimes described as the author of the constitution, although it was effectively drafted during the summer of 1958 by the Gaullist Michel Debré.The draft followed closely the propositions in de Gaulle’s speeches at Bayeux in 1946, leading to a strong executive and to a rather presidential regime — the President being granted the responsibility of governing the Council of Ministers, as well as to the adoption of article 16, granting "extraordinary powers" to the president if a state of emergency was proclaimed, and of bicameralism.