 Oberweiler has a meaning that is perfectly comprehensible to a modern-day German speaker (it would be expressed "oberer Weiler" today), namely “upper hamlet”, and it was so named to distinguish it from a now vanished and forgotten “lower hamlet”.The "Verbandsgemeinde" website states that Oberweiler was for a time also called "Unterweiler" to distinguish it from the nearby municipality of Oberweiler im Tal, making Oberweiler itself the “lower hamlet”, at least in name.As early as 1290, a document, whose content is now known only from a copy, mentions the modern name Oberweiler.