 Since 1946, Oberweiler has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.In the course of the 1968 administrative restructuring in Rhineland-Palatinate, the "Ortsgemeinde" of Oberweiler im Tal was grouped into the "Verbandsgemeinde" of Wolfstein – formed on 1 January 1972, the same day that the "Bürgermeisterei" (“Mayoralty”) of Eßweiler, which had been responsible for Oberweiler, was dissolved – in the Kusel district.Oberweiler im Tal was throughout the Middle Ages a small village whose very existence was threatened in times of war and Plague.