 He graduated in 1973 from the University of Turin and worked as a post-graduate fellow in economics at the Einaudi Foundation from 1973 to 1975.He is the author of several publications in economics, and has received an honorary Doctor’s degree in Environmental Sciences from the University of Parma.He joined Eni in 1983 as an Assistant to the Chairman and became subsequently the Head of Corporate Planning, Financial Control and Corporate Development, and in 1992 Chief Executive Officer.