 In France the AFPDC was created in 2009 to develop and implement collaborative practice in France.A number of states in the United States have their own individual organizations for collaborative law practitioners, including Collaborative Practice California, the Collaborative Family Law Council of Florida, Collaborative Law Institute of Georgia, the Collaborative Law Institute of Illinois, the Collaborative Law Institute of Minnesota, the Collaborative Law Institute of North Carolina, Collaborative Divorce Texas and the Massachusetts Collaborative Law Council, and the Washington DC Academy of Collaborative Professionals.Further, most metropolitan areas, such as San Diego, Los Angeles, Tampa, Dallas, Raleigh, Cleveland, St. Louis and Chicago have local collaborative practice groups.