 Spielmeyer is remembered for his research of peripheral nervous system injuries as well as his specialized study of disturbed brain function caused by temporary circulation problems.He is credited with making significant contributions involving the function of glia in inflammatory processes and on the pathophysiology of cerebral blood flow in neurological-psychiatric disorders.He was the author of highly regarded books on the neurohistology and histopathology of the nervous system; ""Technik der mikroskopischen Untersuchung des Nervensystems"" (1911) and ""Histopathologie des Neurvensystems"" (1922), the latter work being known for its excellent illustrations.