 In the investigation report released on 4 April 2003 by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore, it was revealed that RSS "Courageous" was under the immediate control of Lieutenant Chua Chue Teng, 23 who was a trainee Officer Of The Watch and was supervised by Lieutenant Ng Keng Yong, 27 at the time of the incident.The findings of the investigations concluded three key errors of judgment that resulted in the collision