 However, a large segment of Canada's economy is based on resource extraction which has led various governments to compromise on actions to combat climate change on global warming.Under the constitution of Canada, responsibility for natural resources and the environment is divided between jurisdictions and policies vary in different areas of Canada.Stephen Harper was the Prime Minister of Canada from 2006 to 2015, under two minority governments until 2011 when the Conservative Party of Canada won a majority in the 2011 Canadian federal election.