 The newly established towns were mostly populated by Jewish refugees from Arab and Muslim countries – Morocco, Iraq, Iran, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria and Tunisia.Development towns were also populated by Holocaust survivors from Europe and Jewish immigrants, who came to the newly established State of Israel.According to Khazzoom, there was a significant relationship between ethnicity and the likelihood of being placed in a development town, with many of the small number of Ashkenazi Jews sent to the towns returning to central Israel.