 However (from 2001 onward), Mattick and others pointed out that, in humans, only about 3% of RNA serves that purpose!– leaving ample stocks of ncRNA available for other tasks (perhaps acting in their own right, rather than as templates).On that new basis, it has now been possible to reverse engineer a seemingly plausible mechanistic framework, based on Piaget's work, accounting for some of the activities of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex etc.