 Richard Rorty expanded on these and other arguments in "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature" in which he criticized attempts by many philosophers of science to carve out a space for epistemology that is entirely unrelated to—and sometimes thought of as superior to—the empirical sciences.W.V.Quine, instrumental in bringing naturalized epistemology back into favor with his essay "Epistemology Naturalized" (Quine 1969), also criticized "traditional" epistemology and its "Cartesian dream" of absolute certainty.