 The Carolingian line began first with two important rival Frankish families, the Pippinids and Arnulfings whose destinies became intermingled in the early 7th century.Both men came from noble backgrounds on the western borders of the Austrasia territory between the Meuse and Moselle rivers, north of Liège.The first two figures Pippin I of Landen and Arnulf of Metz, from whom historians have taken the family names, both first appeared in the fourth book of the "Continuations of Fredegar" as advisers to Chlotar II of Neustria who ‘incited’ revolt against King Theuderic II and Brunhild of Austrasia in 613.