 Mark said in 2009 that Obama had been abusive to him, his late brother David, and their mother.Obama first worked as a government economist for an oil company in Kenya.In 1965, Obama published a paper entitled "Problems Facing Our Socialism" in the "East Africa Journal," harshly criticizing the blueprint for national planning, "African Socialism and Its Applicability to Planning in Kenya", developed by Tom Mboya's Ministry of Economic Planning and Development.