 It is difficult to determine the incidence of TACO, but its incidence is estimated at about one in every 100 transfusions using active surveillance, and in one in every 10000 transfusions using passive surveillance.TACO is the most commonly reported cause of transfusion-related death and major morbidity in the UK, and second most common cause in the USA.The risk increases with patients over the age of 60, patients with cardiac or pulmonary failure, renal impairment, hypoalbuminemia or anemia.