 In the fall of 1943, preparations had begun to design another plan to retake the outskirts of Leningrad from the Germans, after the only partially successful Operation Iskra in January of that year which had followed the failed Sinyavino Offensive of late 1942.The first staff meeting was held on , two years and a day after the beginning of the siege.Two plans, Neva I and Neva II, were conceived.