 These days Stadswachten do not exist anymore and the Guard departments were changed into Handhaving (Enforcement) units.Unlike the British City Wardens, Handhavers (Enforcers) do not have civil status but are fully public officials and have limited police powers, all these officers are sworn BOA (Special Enforcement Officer) and have the powers to detain people to confirm their identity, search people for proof of identification or offensive or dangerous weapons (if arrested), investigate offences and certain crimes, issue fixed penalties, make warrantless arrests and use force with or without the use of weapons (baton, pepperspray).Most municipal enforcement officers (BOA) are equipped with handcuffs.