 They mastered in single combat in battles ("mard o-mard"), rode on elephants and horses, and their valor was recognized with ornamental emblems.Titles such as "hazārmard" ("whose strength is equal to one thousand men"), "zih asbār" ("superior rider"), and "pahlawān-i gēhān" ("hero/champion of the world"), were their epithets.They wrote the name of the Sasanian emperor and their valuable family members on their arrows as a good omen.