 As an alternative to animal studies, Organ Chips could be used to study the safety and efficacy of new drugs, accelerating the introduction of new drugs to market while significantly lowering research costs.Ingber's group has since expanded this technology to develop other model organs, including the intestine, kidney, bone marrow, blood-brain barrier, and liver.In 2012, Ingber's team was awarded a DARPA contract to string together multiple Organ Chips to build an automated human body-on-chips that will recapitulate whole-body physiology.