 Two works that demonstrate this argument are "Geschichte der Bibliotheken" (1925) by Alfred Hessel and the "Library Quarterly" article from 1931, “The Sociological Beginnings of the Library Movement in America” by Arnold Borden.With the establishment of library schools, master’s theses and doctoral dissertations represented the shift in serious research regarding libraries and library history.Two published doctoral dissertations that mark this trend are "Foundations of the Public Library