 The advent of high throughput technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and very high-density microarrays, enables us to capture genome-wide variation on a much larger scale.With increasing sample sizes, GWAS studies based on these technologies will produce more information at higher resolutions.We will be able to detect many traits/diseases associated GVs, such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), Copy Number Variations (CNVs), and insertions and deletions (Indels).