 The population was 2,941 at the 2010 census.The town is known for the Chincoteague Ponies, although these are not actually on the island of Chincoteague but on nearby Assateague Island.These ponies and the annual Pony Penning Day are the subject of Marguerite Henry's 1947 children's book "Misty of Chincoteague", which was made into the 1961 family film "Misty", filmed on location.