 Although it must have been more widely disseminated in Ermold's time, the only surviving copy is the single-book fragment preserved in a late ninth-century manuscript.The conventional title, "Karolus Magnus et Leo Papa", derives from the first modern edition by Ernst Dümmler in 1881.A more recent edition by F. Brunhölzl was published under the title "De Karolo rege et Leone papa" in 1966 and re-published in 1999.