 In "United States v. Felix" 503 U.S. 378 (1992), it was ruled that an offense and conspiracy to commit that offense are not the same; fundamentally one cannot be tried twice for the same offense.In this case however, the court decided that section allows for punishment for both identity theft and aggravated identity theft and that the intent of the United States Congress is to impose multiple punishments for both identity theft and aggravated identity theft, as both are separate statutes.In "Blockburger v. United States", , it was confirmed that multiple punishments for convictions that fall under separate statutes do not violate the double jeopardy clause.