 He made many innovations in the design of organizations, as well as
applying mathematical optimization in such applications as the application of antidiscriminatory policies to the armed forces' management of personnel and to resource allocation in advertising campaigns.His most celebrated publication is a 1978 paper with Abraham Charnes and Edwardo L. Rhodes inventing data envelopment analysis.This is a method for evaluating decision making units within an organization, by using imputed shadow prices.