 Appalachian hemlock–northern hardwood forests include yellow birch ("Betula alleghaniensis"), mountain maple ("Acer spicatum"), sugar maple ("Acer saccharum"), and beech ("Fagus grandifolia").These trees often form a deciduous canopy, but are sometimes mixed with hemlock ("Tsuga canadensis") or white pine ("Pinus strobus").Other common trees include oaks (most commonly red oak ("Quercus rubra")), tulip tree ("Liriodendron tulipifera"), black cherry ("Prunus serotina"), and sweet birch ("Betula lenta").