 The pectine teeth nearest the body in females are enlarged and dilated ("P. granulatus" and "P. kalaharicus" excepting), and the lower tarsi (third distal segment) of the front four legs are equipped with bristle combs.The ventrosubmedian ridges in the fourth tail segment disappear away from the body, and the ventrolateral ridges of the fifth segment include distinctly spined or lobed processes near their distal ends.Most of the species, some 20 of the total of 28, are endemic to southern Africa, but they range through eastern Africa to the Arabian Peninsula.