 Titanium oxide is found in significant quantities in beach sands located near Toalagnaro, however, 75% of the coastal forest zone in that area would have to be destroyed in order to exploit it, which has not been done.Huge oil fields lie to the west of Madagascar, however they would require steam injection to extract, which is both technologically difficult and expensive.The oil fields of Tsimiroro and Bemolanga are estimated to hold combined reserves of 11.5 billion barrels.