 Mainly, the causal relationship between Sierra Madre Range along the East coast of Luzon and the Central Valley in the middle of the mountain range and two other highlands, Zambales along the west and the highlands in the present provinces of Laguna, resulted to where the city stands now.The Pasig River has been a factor that contributes to the ability of manila to sustain life and habitation.A large part of the Cavite area, which was part of the submarine ridge of the ancient Taal Volcano became uplifted and raised within a differential displacement.