 Jainism uses meditation techniques such as "pindāstha-dhyāna, padāstha-dhyāna, rūpāstha-dhyāna, rūpātita-dhyāna, and savīrya-dhyāna".In "padāstha dhyāna" one focuses on a mantra.A mantra could be either a combination of core letters or words on deity or themes.