 Ultimately, the goal of expanding Confederate influence into southern California and to the Pacific Ocean was never realized.Following the Battle of Picacho Pass at Picacho Peak, about northwest of Tucson, the lead detachment of Colonel James H. Carleton's California Column drove the Confederates out of Tucson and advanced on Mesilla, the capital of Confederate Arizona.By July the Confederates had retreated to Texas, where they continued to manage the territorial government from El Paso.