 As Nietzsche's fame and popularity were spreading both inside and outside Germany, he felt that he needed a text that would serve as a short introduction to his work.Originally titled "A Psychologist's Idleness", it was renamed "Twilight of the Idols or, How to Philosophize with a Hammer".The former title, "Götzen-Dämmerung" in German, is a pun on the title of Richard Wagner's opera, "Götterdämmerung", or 'Twilight of the Gods'.