 A nanoparticle is defined as a small group of atoms or molecules with a radius of less than 100 nanometers (100 nm).Particles on the nanoscale have a very high surface area to volume ratio, whereas this ratio is much lower for objects on the macroscopic scale.A high relative surface area means that a large proportion of a particle's mass exists on its surface, so nanofibers and nanoparticles show a greater level of interaction with other materials.