 Some capitalist film studio owners and petty bourgeois filmmakers had the idea to resist Japanese aggression and change society, to a certain degree paralleling the paradigm of the left wing.Consequently, the “Chinese Film Culture Movement (Zhongguo dianying wenhua yundong)” replaced the “Chinese Left Wing Film Movement,” as increasing numbers of professionals in the film production industry joined the China Film Culture Society.The themes of films considered left-wing were usually associated with class struggle; this concretely became the major theme as the movement progressed.