 During the 1969 State Elections, Gerakan, then an opposition party, was voted into power in Penang, replacing the Alliance.The party's founder, Lim Chong Eu, succeeded Wong Pow Nee as the Chief Minister of Penang.However, the violent race riots in Kuala Lumpur following the concurrent Malaysian General Elections led to the nationwide imposition of martial law and the functions of the Penang state government were taken over by the National Operations Council until 1971.