 He was chairman of the Rensselaer County Republican Committee from 1938 to 1952 and served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1940.Taylor was also chairman of the New York State Republican Committee from 1953-1954.He served as trustee of Russell Sage College, as well as a director of the Union National Bank and the Niagara Mohawk Power Co.

Taylor was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1942 as a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the eight succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1961) (29th District 1943-45, 33rd District 1945-53, 31st District 1953-61).