 Kitching also studied Pleistocene mammals.In this regard he excavated and researched fossils from several cave sites, the most notable being the Cave of Hearths and the limeworks at Makapansgat where he discovered the type specimen of what Professor Raymond Dart described as a new species of the "ape man" Australopithecus, "A. prometheus" in 1947.This is now considered a synonym of the type species, "A. africanus", which Dart described in 1925.