 Elephants are confined to the northern and northeastern parts of Borneo.In the 1980s, there were two distinct populations in Sabah ranging over the Tabin Wildlife Reserve and adjacent mostly logged dipterocarp forest on steep terrain; and in the hilly interior at about altitude in dipterocarp forest, which was largely undisturbed at the time, and only logged at the periphery.In Kalimantan, their range is restricted to a small contiguous area of the upper Sembakung River in the east.