 The earliest reference to Greek fire in China was made in 917 AD, written by Wu Renchen in his "Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms".In 919 CE, the siphon projector-pump was used to spread the 'fierce fire oil' that could not be doused with water, as recorded by Lin Yu (林禹) in his "Wu-Yue Beishi" (吳越備史), hence the first credible Chinese reference to the flamethrower employing the chemical solution of Greek fire.Lin Yu mentioned also that the 'fierce fire oil' derived ultimately from China's contact in the 'southern seas', with Arabia (大食國 "Dashiguo").