 The study concluded that fully loaded dishwashers use less energy, water, and detergent than the average European hand-washer.For the automatic dishwasher results, the dishes were not rinsed before being loaded.The study does not address costs associated with the manufacture and disposal of dishwashers, the cost of possible accelerated wear of dishes from the chemical harshness of dishwasher detergent, the comparison for cleaning cookware, or the value of labour saved; hand washers needed between 65 and 106 minutes.