 English archbishop and scholar John Peckham (circa 1230 – 1292) wrote about the camera obscura in his "Tractatus de Perspectiva" (circa 1269–1277) and "Perspectiva communis" (circa 1277–79), falsely arguing that light gradually forms the circular shape after passing through the aperture.His writings were influenced by Roger Bacon.At the end of the 13th century, Arnaldus de Villa Nova is credited with using a camera obscura to project live performances for entertainment.