 Two Morriss static flamethrowers mounted in HMS "Vindictive" and several Hay portable flamethrowers were deployed by the Royal Navy during the Zeebrugge Raid on 23 April 1918.A British newspaper report of the action referred to the British flamethrowers only as "flammenwerfer", using the German word.The French Army deployed the Schilt family of flamethrowers, that were also used by the Italian Army.