 In these works Bauer led the academic movement to subject the Bible to historical and literary criticism.In 1877 Bauer published "Christus und die Caesaren" ("Christ and the Caesars"), and in 1882 he published "Disraelis romantischer und Bismarcks socialistischer Imperialismus" ("Disraeli's Romantic and Bismarck's Socialist Imperialism").Bauer's final book on theology, "Christ and the Caesars" (1877), was his crowning effort to justify Hegel's position that Christian theology owed at least as much to Greco-Roman classical philosophy as it owed to Judaism.