 After the end of the Caucasian War (during the period of 1864 to 1870) a major part of the Shapsug, who lived on the territory of Shapsugia, were either killed in the Circassian genocide or expelled to the Ottoman Empire.Some 3,000 Shapsug remained on the Circassian coast.The Shapsug as an Adyghe tribe always appreciate and honor their immortals (heroes and fighters) who sacrifice their selves to keep Circassia independent in the battles and war with the Russian Empire during the Circassians resistance; by elegies such as the Elegy of the Shapsugs ()

On 6 September 1924, the Bolsheviks established the Shapsug National Raion ( "Šapsyġe Nacionalne Rajon", "Šapsugskij nacional′nyj rajon") as a part of the Black Sea Okrug.