 According to Jain texts, sixty-three illustrious beings, called "śalākāpuruṣas", are born on this earth in every "Dukhama-sukhamā" "ara".The Jain universal history is a compilation of the deeds of these illustrious persons.They comprise twenty-four "Tīrthaṅkaras", twelve "chakravartins", nine "balabhadra", nine "narayana", and nine "pratinarayana".