 A term preferred by the émigrés themselves was first-wave émigré (, "emigrant pervoy volny"), "Russian émigrés" (, "russkaya emigratsiya") or "Russian military émigrés" (, "russkaya voyennaya emigratsiya") if they participated in the White movement.In the Soviet Union, "white émigré" (белоэмигрант, "byeloemigrant") generally had negative connotations.Since the end of the 1980s, the term "first-wave émigré" has become more common in Russia.