 Théophile de Donder

Théophile Ernest de Donder (; 19 August 1872 – 11 May 1957) was a Belgian mathematician and physicist famous for his work (published in 1923) in developing correlations between the Newtonian concept of chemical affinity and the Gibbsian concept of free energy.He received his doctorate in physics and mathematics from the Université Libre de Bruxelles in 1899, for a thesis entitled "Sur la Théorie des Invariants Intégraux" ("On the Theory of Integral Invariants").