 In the Paris transport network, after a 4 months testing from November 2006 with Bouygues Telecom and 43 persons and finally with 8,000 users from July 2018, the contactless mobile payment and direct validation on the turnstile readers with a smartphone was adopted on 25 September 2019 in collaboration with the societies Orange, Samsung, Wizway Solutions, Worldline and Conduent.In October 2011, the first mobile phones with Mastercard PayPass and/or Visa payWave certification appeared.A PayPass or payWave account can be assigned to the embedded secure element and/or SIM card within the phones.