 Within the exarchate, the two chief districts were the country about Ravenna where the exarch was the centre of Byzantine opposition to the Lombards, and the Duchy of Rome, which embraced the lands of Latium north of the Tiber and of Campania to the south as far as the Garigliano.There the Pope led the opposition to the Lombards.Because of his restoration activities, Justinian has sometimes been called the "last Roman" in modern historiography.