 The Ilha Grande is one of the most pristine remnants of Brazil's Atlantic rainforest making it one of the richest ecosystems in the world.As a hotspot for biodiversity and conservation, it holds some of the largest remaining populations of many endangered species, including the red-ruffed fruitcrow ("Pyroderus scutatus"), the brown howler monkey ("Alouatta fusca"), the maned sloth ("Bradypus torquatus") the red-browed amazon parrot ("Amazona rhodocorytha"), and the broad-snouted caiman ("Caiman latirostris").The seas around the island, which are also protected, feature a unique convergence of tropical, subtropical, and temperate-zone marine life, and may be the only waters in the world where it is possible to see corals and tropical fish including sharks along with sea turtles, Magellanic penguins and cetaceans such as southern right, humpback, Bryde's, orca, and dolphins.