 Originating with Robert Pond in a series of related patents from 1958–1961 (US Patent Nos.2825108, 2910744, and 2976590), the current concept of the melt spinner was outlined by Pond and Maddin in 1969, though, at first, liquid was quenched on the inner surface of a drum.Liebermann and Graham further developed the process as a continuous casting technique by 1976, this time on the drum's outer surface.