 The tsarist government began mobilizing and nationalizing the rail system as World War I approached, and the new communist government finished the nationalization process.With the dissolution of the USSR in 1991, the Russian Federation was left with three-fifths of the railway track of the Union as well as nine-tenths of the highway mileage – though only two-fifths of the port capacity.In the 21st century, substantial changes in the Russian railways have been discussed and implemented in the context of two government reform documents