 Vaccines against BPV types 1, 2 and 4 have been developed by M. Saveria Campo and others.These vaccine systems have served as models for the successful development of prophylactic vaccines against the human papillomavirus types associated with cervical and anal cancers.Both Gardasil (a quadrivalent prophylactic HPV vaccine licensed in 2006) and Cervarix (a bivalent prophylactic vaccine license in the EU in 2007 and USA in 2009) contain virus-like particles assembled from L1 protein, an approach successful against BPV, and both vaccines induce sustained immunity.