 (see "Nostra aetate")

De Rosa drew a distinction between anti-Semitism based on race, which he believes the journal never sanctioned, and anti-Judaism based on religious factors which he acknowledges the journal did promote.David Kertzer noted a disturbing trend in De Rosa's history of the journal, and also in , that seeks to distance the Church from the Holocaust.Kertzer pointed out that the anti-Judaism that the Church describes involved denunciation of the Jews not purely on religious grounds but also for socio-political reasons and thus says "the whole carefully constructed anti-Semitic/anti-Judaism distinction evaporates".