 The research concluded that mother goats fed GM soybean meal secreted fragments of the foreign gene in their milk.In December 2015 one of the papers was retracted for "self-plagiarism", although the journal noted that the results remained valid.A second paper was retracted in March 2016 after The University of Naples concluded that "multiple heterogeneities were likely attributable to digital manipulation, raising serious doubts on the reliability of the findings".