 Imprisoned in 1932 by the Sánchez Cerro administration, he was released in 1933, only to be persecuted again, already under the government of Óscar R. Benavides.He remained in hiding until 1945, when his party returned to legality, when he supported the National Democratic Front, which elevated José Luis Bustamante y Rivero to the presidency.In 1948, his party was again banned and after the coup d'etat by general Manuel A. Odría he was forced to take refuge in the Colombian embassy (1948-1954).