 His interpretation of the Three Worlds Theory, leading to a general rapprochement with Western powers, divided Maoist parties throughout the world.Many of them, including Shining Path, criticized him for this and accused him of being a traitor for ousting Jiang Qing and aligning the party to the interests of Western imperialists.At the CCP 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee, after which Deng Xiaoping became the "de facto" leader of China as his idea for economic reform was adopted by the Party, Hua Guofeng was implicitly criticized for serving concurrently as Chairman of the Central Committee, Chairman of the Central Military Commission and Premier of the State Council.