 Nation-states, however, invariably include populations that have been excluded from national life for one reason or another.Members of excluded groups, consequently, will either demand inclusion based on equality or seek autonomy, sometimes even to the extent of complete political separation in their nation-state.Under these conditions– when people moved from one state to another, or one state conquered or colonized peoples beyond its national boundaries– ethnic groups were formed by people who identified with one nation, but lived in another state.