 He proposes the fierce nature of this goddess is due of her association with Vedic Rudra (identified as Shiva in modern Hinduism), identified with fire god Agni at times.Wangu also backs the theory of the tribal origins of the goddess.Apart from her popular names like Chamunda, Chamundi, Chamundeshwari, Charchika and Rakta Kali she is also known as
Rudira Kali, Chanda Kali, Rudira, Rudira Mala devi, Rudiramma, Rudireshwari, Rakteshwari, Rakta Chamundi, Vir Kali, Porkali, Ghalurika, Ugra Chandi, Kalari Devi and Ati bhaya Kali regionally in India and Nepal.