 They may give a nod to the past, or they may be cutting edge and contemporary in design.Some examples include labyrinths and mazes, animal and human forms, geometric shapes, and furniture.Espalier is the art and horticultural practice of training tree branches onto ornamental shapes along a frame for ascetic and fruit production by grafting, shaping and pruning the branches so that they grow flat, frequently in formal patterns, against a structure such as a wall, fence, or trellis.