 Critics of anarchism argue that the "Catechism" reflects the innately violent and nihilistic nature of the philosophy.Scholar Michael Allen Gillespie has hailed the "Catechism" as "a pre-eminent expression of the doctrine of freedom and negation" that arose in the Fichtean notion of the "Absolute I" that had been concealed in Left Hegelianism.Prominent Black Panther of the 20th century Eldridge Cleaver adopted the "Catechism" as a "revolutionary bible", incorporating it into his daily life to the extent that he employed, in his words, "tactics of ruthlessness in my dealings with everyone with whom I came into contact".