 The hunt is also associated with the administering of a herbal viaticum in the medieval "chansons de geste", in which traditional heroic culture and Christian values interpenetrate.The "chansons" offer multiple examples of grass or foliage substituted as a viaticum when a warrior or knight meets his violent end outside the Christian community.Sarah Kay views this substitute rite as communion with the Girardian "primitive sacred," speculating that "pagan" beliefs lurk beneath a Christian veneer.