 For him, traditional monolingualism is an instance of a more general naturalistic fallacy which is committed when foreign language teaching is modelled after the natural acquisition of a first language (L1), as in the direct method (education) which was also called the natural method.Butzkamm is an applied linguist.He was born in 1938 and was educated at the universities of Marburg, Münster, Dortmund, and Appleton (Wis.).