 A bull of Pope Paschal II in 1106 refers to the limits of the French kingdom as the "vallis que Cirsia dicitur usque Caroli crucem" (valley called Cizes as far as Charles's cross).José María Lacarra (1907–1987) affirmed that the cross was originally only a diocesan boundary, of Carolingian provenance, and was associated with the Way of Saint James.The famous Spanish historian Ramón Menéndez Pidal argued that the cross was an important stage in the pilgrim's journey because it marked their entrance into Spain.