 The object lesson approach is promoted in the educational philosophy of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, who held that teaching should begin with observation of objects which help students recognize concepts.In his teaching and writing he emphasized the concept of "Anschauung", which may be understood as “sense training.” Pestalozzi taught that children were first to develop sensation, then perception, notion, and finally volition, learning how to act morally based on an individual view of the world.Object lessons were important elements in teaching during the Victorian era of the mid- to late-nineteenth century.