 This was followed by the Jewish doctor-killers case of 1952–53 accompanied by publications of anti-Semitic texts in the media, and hundreds of torture interrogations.Most communities in the Soviet Union never acknowledged the involvement of the local auxiliary police in the Holocaust.The vast majority of the 300,000 "Schutzmannschaft" members in the German-occupied territories of the USSR, quietly returned to their former lives, including members of the Byelorussian Home Defence participating in the pacification actions in which some 30,000 Jews were murdered, and members of "Ukrainische Hilfspolizei" battalions responsible for the extermination of 150,000 Jews in the area of Volhynia alone.