 Aluminum engine blocks typically require cast iron cylinder liners due to poor wear characteristics of aluminum.Porsche is using MMCs for cylinder liners by integrating a porous silicon preform into the cast aluminum block, and Honda uses a similar method incorporating alumina and carbon fibers in the bores of die cast aluminum[5].These practices improve wear characteristics and cooling efficiency over cast iron liners.UWM developed aluminum alloy pistons and cylinder liners containing dispersed graphite particles that provide solid lubrication[6].