 The origins of Poale Zion in Britain were in the "Ma'aravi" ("Western") Society, formed in London in 1902 by Jewish socialist journalist Kalman Marmor, under the influence of the Eastern European Labour Zionist movement led by Marxist theorist Ber Borochov.Branches of Poale Zion were formed in London and Leeds in 1903/04 and 1905 respectively, and in Manchester and Liverpool by 1906.Two branches were formed in London, one by the garment workers union, one by the Independent Cabinet Makers Union.