 For terminations that are not purely resistive the spacing and alternation remain the same but the whole pattern is shifted along the line by a constant amount related to the phase of formula_86.The ratio of formula_95 at anti-nodes and nodes is called the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and is related to the reflection coefficient by

for a lossless line; the expression for the current standing wave ratio (ISWR) is identical in this case.For a lossy line the expression is only valid adjacent to the termination; VSWR asymptotically approaches unity with distance from the termination or discontinuity.