 They are used in evidence-based healthcare training to assist clinical decision-making, and are increasingly used in evidence-based social care and education provision.Critical appraisal checklists help to appraise the quality of the study design and (for quantitative studies) the risk of bias.Critical appraisal tools for cross-sectional studies are the AXIS tool and JBI tools; for randomised controlled trials are Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, JBI tool and CASP tools.