 Bromley also found that "B" could be expressed in terms of single-ion quantities as
where the + subscript refers to a cation and the minus subscript refers to an anion.Bromley's equation can easily be transformed for the calculation of osmotic coefficients, and Bromley also proposed extensions to multicomponent solutions and for the effect of temperature change.A modified version of the Bromley equation has been used extensively by Madariaga and co-workers.