 Emissions reduction currency systems conceptually are inclusive of carbon currency systems but also include schemes that reduce emissions in incidental ways such as through waste reduction and community education.The idea of a global wealth system based on alternative energy production was first suggested by Buckminster Fuller in his 1969 book "Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth".This idea was piloted by Garry Davis who distributed these "kilowatt dollars" at the 1992 Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro.