 Ottoman expeditions managed to defeat the highland tribesmen in the mid decades of the sixteenth century.From the early 17th century al-Mansur al-Qasim, belonging to one of the Rassid branches (later known as the Qasimids or Yemeni Zaidi State), raised the standard of rebellion.His son al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad managed to gather the entire Yemen under his authority, expel the Turks, and establish an independent political entity.