 Fyodor Dostoevsky used the theme of the consumptive nihilist repeatedly, with Katerina Ivanovna in "Crime and Punishment"; Kirillov in "The Possessed", and both Ippolit and Marie in "The Idiot".The disease features, too, in a variety of English novels of the Victorian era, including Charles Dickens's 1848 "Dombey and Son", Elizabeth Gaskell's 1855 "North and South", and Mrs. Humphry Ward's 1900 "Eleanor".When tuberculosis was essentially incurable, many patients stayed in a sanatorium for long periods.