 This caused Makhnivka to decline, while both Berdychiv and Koziatyn grew.Sometime around the turn of the century, Berdychiv was separated from Volhynian Governorate and joined to Kiev Governorate, replacing Makhnivka as the chief city of the county (which was renamed from the Makhnovka county to the Berdichev county).By the outbreak of World War II in 1939, the Jewish population of Makhnivka had dwindled to 843.