 During the pontificate of Paul V (1605–1621) the church began to develop artistic doctrines to counter the Reformatuon, and commissioned new artists to carry them out.The dominant figure in Baroque sculpture was Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598–1680).He was the son of a Florentine sculptor, Pietro Bernini, who had been called to Rome by Pope Paul V. The young Bernini made his first solo works at the age of fifteen, and in 1618–25 received a major commission for statues for the villa of Cardinal Scipion Borghese.