 From 1935 to 1937, Zhang founded and presided the literary and philosophical monthly periodical "Wenzhe yuekan (文哲月刊)" in Tsinghua Campus ().Zhang veered towards acceptance of the inevitability of Communist victory and took government positions after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949.However his earlier passionate devotion to intellectual freedom and searching critiques of Marxism made him an object of suspicion, obliging him to live in obscurity and in constant fear of persecution.