 Cemil Topuzlu

Professor Cemil Topuzlu (18 March 1866 – 25 January 1958), also known as Cemil Pasha, was a Turkish social democratic politician and a leading surgeon in Turkey, who was internationally recognized for his pioneering work in several areas, including open chest cardiac massage, and described in several papers published in Ottoman Turkish (later in modern Turkish), French and German.On 27 August 1903, one of his patients undergoing external urethrotomy under chloroform anaesthesia developed cardiac arrest, and he performed open chest cardiac massage.