"Jihad" is a broad concept that literally means "struggle", while the root word of the neologism, "hariba", means "to become angry and enraged" and is associated with the demonization of non-Muslims during the Crusades.In Iran, hiraba is known as "moharebeh" and is translated variously in English-language media as "waging war against God," "war against God and the state," or "enmity against God."