 These parties view development programs and rule of law as institutions used by upper caste to control and subjugate lower castes.As a result, these new political parties sought to weaken these institutions and in turn weaken the upper caste domination in the political arena in India.Since 'rule of law' was seen as controlled by upper-castes, these new parties adopted a strategy that had to operate outside of this rule in order to gain political influence and lower-caste empowerment.