 Pope Leo XIII's "Rerum novarum" (1891) laments that usury is "still practiced by covetous and grasping men" and Pope Pius XI's "Quadragesimo anno" (1931) deals generally with economic violence.By the 19th century, the debate over lending within the Catholic Church disappeared, as the provision of credit had become viewed as political economy issue rather than a theological one.In 1830, following the widespread acceptance of the Napoleonic code, which allowed interest, throughout Europe, with the approval of Pope Pius VIII, the Inquisition of Rome, distinguished the "doctrine" of usury from the "practice" of usury, decreeing that confessors should no longer disturb the latter.