 The majority regard it as necessary to conceal their sexual orientation or gender identity from people in the workplace in order to retain their jobs and avoid hostility from bosses and co-workers.Attempts to report homophobic and transphobic violence to police are often met with resistance and even hostility on the part of law enforcement officers.A 2011 cross-national study by University of Chicago demonstrated that a trend of LGBT acceptance is either slowed or reversed in Russia and some other former USSR republics, a direct opposite of world trends.