 Coal dropped from about 29% of the global total primary energy consumption in 2015 to 27% in 2017, and non-hydro renewables were up to about 4% from 2%.In 2011, expenditures on energy totaled over US$6 trillion, or about 10% of the world gross domestic product (GDP).Europe spends close to one-quarter of the world's energy expenditures, North America close to 20%, and Japan 6%.