 Flora that grow on the margins of the mangroves include "Spartina alterniflora" on the seaward side and "Hibiscus tiliaceus" and "Acrostichum aureum" on the landward side and dry patches within the mangroves.Flora that grow with the mangroves due to the low salinity include "Dalbergia brownei", "Rhabdadenia biflora", "Montrichardia arborescens", "Mora oleifera", açaí palm ("Euterpe oleracea") and "Attalea speciosa".The Maranhão mangroves are home to half the total population of shorebirds in Brazil, and 7% of all shorebirds in South America.