 Ramkrishna Bhattacharya adduces an argument from within the text itself to refute the claim that "Tattvopaplava-siṃha" is a Cārvāka text.He says, "there is indeed a Cārvāka at the very beginning of the Tattvopaplava-siṃha.But he is not Jayarāśi, but another person who is presented as a Cārvāka out to challenge Jayarāśi’s doctrine of upsetting tattva as such.