 The orchestral interlude of Act 3 (entitled "Nachtstück") was given its first concert performance by the on 25 November 1909 under the direction of Oskar Nedbal.Although the performance was a stormy one, propelling Schreker to the forefront of progressive Viennese composers, Schreker felt encouraged enough to finally complete the opera in 1910.Alban Berg prepared the vocal score of the opera in 1911.